OS Fingerprinting

-: Network Hacking (OS Fingerprinting) :-


OS Fingerprinting :- OS Fingerprinting refers to detection of target computer's operating system.
Since, different operating system responds differently to the same kind of ICMP message, it is very important for an attacker to determine the exact operating system running on target system.
Also attacker can carry out attacks by taking over the vulnerabilities/bugs found in that particular operating system.
There are four areas that we will look at to determine the operating system (however there are other signatures that can be used). These signatures are:

1) TTL - What the operating system sets the Time To Live on the outbound packet.
2) Window Size - What the operating system sets the Window Size at.
3) DF - Does the operating system set the Don't Fragment bit.
4) TOS - Does the operating system set the Type of Service, and if so, at what.

There are two different types of OS Fingerprinting technique -

1) Active OS Fingerprinting :- Remote active operating system fingerprinting is the process of actively determining a targeted network node’s underlying operating system by probing the
targeted system with several packets and examining the response(s), or lack thereof, received? The traditional approach is to examine the TCP/IP stack behavior (IP, TCP, UDP, and ICMP protocols) of a targeted network element when probed with several legitimate and/or malformed packets.

Recommended Tools      
Nmap    http://insecure.org/nmap   


2) Passive OS Fingerprinting :-Passive fingerprinting is based on sniffer traces from the remote system. Instead of actively querying the remote system, all you need to do is capture packets sent from the remote system. Based on the sniffer traces of these packets, you can determine the operating system of the remote host. Just like in active fingerprinting, passive fingerprinting is
based on the principle that every operating system's IP stack has its own idiosyncrasies. By analyzing sniffer traces and identifying these differences, you may be able determine the operating system of the remote host.

Recommended Tools      
P0f    http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/p0f.shtml      
Ettercap    http://ettercap.sourceforge.net   
 

Port Scanning

-: Network Hacking (Port Scanning) :-


Port Scanning :- Port scanning is carried out to determine a list of open ports on the remote host that have certain services or daemons running. In port scanning, the attacker connects to various TCP and UDP ports and tries to determine which ports are in listening mode.

1) TCP Ports Scanning :- Almost all port scans are based on the client sending a packet containing a particular flag to the target port of the remote system to determine whether the port is open. Following table lists the type of flags a TCP packet header can contain.

Flag    Meaning      
URG (urgent)    This flag tells the receiver that the data pointed at by the urgent pointer required urgently.      
ACK (acknowledgment)    This flag is turned on whenever sender wants to acknowledge the receipt of all data send by the receiving end.      
PSH (push)    The data must be passed on to the application as soon as possible.      
RST (reset)    There has been a problem with the connection and one wants to reset the connection with another.      
SYN (synchronize)    If system X wants to establish TCP connection with system Y, then it sends it's own sequence number to Y, requesting that a connection be established. Such apacket is known as synchronize sequence numbers or SYN packet.      
FIN (finish)    If system X has finished sending all data packets and wants to end the TCP/IP connection that it has established with Y, then it sends a packet with a FIN flag to system Y.    


A typical TCP/IP three way handshake can be described as follows :
1) The client sends a SYN packet to the server.
2) The server replies with a SYN packet and acknowledges the client's SYN packet by sending an ACK packet.
3) The client acknowledges the SYN sent by the server.

Different techniques of TCP port scanning are :-
1) TCP connect port scanning
2) TCP SYN scanning (half open scanning)
3) SYN/ACK scanning
4) TCP FIN scanning
5) TCP NULL scanning
6) TCP Xmas tree scanning

2) UDP Ports Scanning :- In UDP port scanning, aUDP packet is sent to each port on the target host one by one.
If the remote port is closed, then the server replies with a Port Unreachable ICMP error message. If the port is open then no such error message is generated.

3) FTP Bounce Port Scanning :- The FTP bounce port scanning technique was discovered by Hobbit. He revealed a very interesting loophole in the FTP protocol that allowed users connected to the FTP service of a particular system to connect to any port of another system. This loophole allows anonymous port scanning.


Recommended   Tools      
Nmap    http://www.insecure.org/nmap      
Superscan    http://www.foundstone.com   


Address Resolution Protocol


-: Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Attacks :-


What Does ARP Mean?
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a stateless protocol, was designed to map Internet Protocol addresses (IP) to their associated Media Access Control (MAC) addresses. This being said, by mapping a 32 bit IP address to an associated 48 bit MAC address via attached Ethernet devices, a communication between local nodes can be made.

On a majority of operating systems, such as Linux, FreeBSD, and other UNIX based operating systems, and even including Windows, the "arp" program is present. This program can be used to display and/or modify ARP cache entries.

An example of the "arp" utility's output would look like the following:

Windows:
> arp -a
Interface: 192.168.1.100 .- 0x10003
Internet Address        Physical Address        Type
192.168.1.1          00-13-10-23-9a-53       dynamic

Linux:
$ arp -na
? (192.168.1.1) at 00:90:B1:DC:F8:C0 [ether] on eth0

FreeBSD:
$ arp -na
? (192.168.1.1) at 00:00:0c:3e:4d:49 on bge0


How ARP works?
Specifically for Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4), ARP maps IP addresses between the Network layer and Data Link layer of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model.
For a more complete and thorough explanation of how address resolution works, and protocol specifics, please consult RFC 826.


ARP Protocol Flaws :-
ARP's main flaw is in its cache. Knowing that it is possible for ARP to update existing entries as well as add to the cache, this leads one to believe that forged replies can be made, which result in ARP cache poisoning attacks.


Terms & Definitions :-
ARP Cache Poisoning : Broadcasting forged ARP replies on a local network. In a sense, "fooling" nodes on the network. This can be done because ARP lacks authentication features, thus blindly accepting any request and reply that is received or sent.

MAC Address Flooding : An ARP cache poisoning attack that is mainly used in switched environments. By flooding a switch with fake MAC addresses, a switch is overloaded. Because of this, it broadcasts all network traffic to every connected node. This outcome is referred to as "broadcast mode" because, all traffic passing through the switch is broadcasted out like a Hub would do. This then can result in sniffing all network traffic.


The ARP Attacks :-
1] Connection Hijacking & Interception : Packet or connection hijacking and interception is the act in which any connected client can be victimized into getting their connection manipulated in a way that it is possible to take complete control over.

2] Connection Resetting : The name explains itself very well. When we are resetting a client's connection, we are cutting their connection to the system. This can be easily done using specially crafted code to do so. Luckily, we have wonderful software that was made to aid us in doing so.

3] Man In The Middle : One of the more prominent ways of attacking another user in order to hijack their traffic, is by means of a Man In The Middle (MITM) attack. Unlike the other attacks, a MITM is more a packet manipulation attack which in the end however does result in packet redirection to the attacker . all traffic will get sent to the attacker doing the MITM attack. This attack however is specific. As opposed to MAC Address Flooding or other attacks against a router/switch, the MITM attack is against a victim, and also can be done outside of a switched environment. Thus meaning, an attack can be executed against a person on the other side of the country.

4] Packet Sniffing : Sniffing on a Local Area Network (LAN) is quite easy if the network is segmented via a hub, rather than a switch. It is of course possible to sniff on a switched environment by performing a MAC flood attack. As a result of the MAC flood, the switch will act as a hub, and allow the entire network to be sniffed. This gives you a chance to use any sort of sniffing software available to you to use against the network, and gather packets.

5] Denial of Service : MAC Address Flooding can be considered a Denial of service attack. The main idea of the MAC flood, is to generate enough packet data to send toward a switch, attempting to make it panic. This will cause the switch to drop into broadcast mode and broadcast all packet data. This however did not result in a crash, or the service to be dropped, but to be overloaded.

Computer Viruses

-: Computer Viruses :-

What is a Computer Virus ?
A potentially damaging computer programme capable of reproducing itself causing great harm to files or other programs without permission or knowledge of the user.
Types of viruses :-
The different types of viruses are as follows-

1) Boot Sector Virus :- Boot sector viruses infect either the master boot record of the hard disk or the floppy drive. The boot record program responsible for the booting of operating system is replaced by the virus. The virus either copies the master boot program to another part of the hard disk or overwrites it. They infect a computer when it boots up or when it accesses the infected floppy disk in the floppy drive. i.e. Once a system is infected with a boot-sector virus, any non-write-protected disk accessed by this system will become infected.

Examples of boot- sector viruses are Michelangelo and Stoned.

2) File or Program Viruses :- Some files/programs, when executed, load the virus in the memory and perform predefined functions to infect the system. They infect program files with extensions like .EXE, .COM, .BIN, .DRV and .SYS .

Some common file viruses are Sunday, Cascade.

3) Multipartite Viruses :- A multipartite virus is a computer virus that infects multiple different target platforms, and remains recursively infective in each target. It attempts to attack both the boot sector and the executable, or programs, files at the same time. When the virus attaches to the boot sector, it will in turn affect the system’s files, and when the virus attaches to the files, it will in turn infect the boot sector.
This type of virus can re-infect a system over and over again if all parts of the virus are not eradicated.

Ghostball was the first multipartite virus, discovered by Fridrik Skulason in October 1989.
Other examples are Invader, Flip, etc.

4) Stealth Viruses :- These viruses are stealthy in nature means it uses various methods for hiding themselves to avoid detection. They sometimes remove themselves from the memory temporarily to avoid detection by antivirus. They are somewhat difficult to detect. When an antivirus program tries to detect the virus, the stealth virus feeds the antivirus program a clean image of the file or boot sector.

5) Polymorphic Viruses :- Polymorphic viruses have the ability to mutate implying that they change the viral code known as the signature each time they spread or infect. Thus an antivirus program which is scanning for specific virus codes unable to detect it's presense.

6) Macro Viruses :- A macro virus is a computer virus that "infects" a Microsoft Word or similar application and causes a sequence of actions to be performed automatically when the application is started or something else triggers it. Macro viruses tend to be surprising but relatively harmless.A macro virus is often spread as an e-mail virus. Well-known examples are Concept Virus and Melissa Worm.

BlueTooth Hacking

-: Blue Tooth Hacking :-


Discovering Bluetooth Devices :-
Before any two bluetooth enabled devices can start communicating with one another, they must carry out a procedure known as discovery. It can be carried out by scanning for other active devices within the range.

Recommended Tools
BlueScanner It will try to extract as much information as possible for each newly discovered device Download
BlueSniff It is a GUI-based utility for finding discoverable and hidden Bluetooth-enabled devices Download
BTBrowser It is a J2ME application that can browse and explore the technical specification of surrounding Bluetooth enabled devices. It works on phones that supports JSR-82 - the Java Bluetooth specification Download
BTCrawler It is a scanner for Windows Mobile based devices. It also implements the BlueJacking and BlueSnarfing attacks -----

Hacking Bluetooth Devices :-
There are a variety of different types of bluetooth related threats and attacks that can be executed against unsuspecting mobile phone users. Following are some of the most common types of threats :-

1) BluePrinting Attack :- Information gathering is the first step in the quest to break into target system. Even BlueTooth devices can be fingerprinted or probed for information gathering using the technique known as BluePrinting. Using this one can determine manufacturer, model, version, etc. for target bluetooth enabled device.

Recommended Tools
BluePrint As the name suggests Download
BTScanner It is an information gathering tool that allows attacker to query devices without the need to carry out pairing Download

2) BlueJack Attack :- Bluejacking is the process of sending an anonymous message from a bluetooth enabled phone to another, within a particular range without knowing the exact source of the recieved message to the recepient.

Recommended Tools
FreeJack Bluejacking tool written in JAVA -----
CIHWB Can I Hack With Bluetooth (CIHWB) is a Bluetooth security auditing framework for Windows Mobile 2005. Supports BlueSnarf, BlueJack, and some DoS attacks. Should work on any PocketPC with the Microsoft Bluetooth stack Download

3) BlueSnarf Attack :- Bluesnarfing is the process of connecting vulnerable mobile phones through bluetooth, without knowing the victim. It involves OBEX protocol by which an attacker can forcibly push/pull sensitive data in/out of the victim's mobile phone, hence also known as OBEX pull attack.
This attack requires J2ME enabled mobile phones as the attacker tool. With J2ME enabled phone, just by using bluesnarfing tools like Blooover, Redsnarf, Bluesnarf, etc. an attacker can break into target mobile phone for stealing sensitive data such as address book, photos, mp3, videos, SMS, ......!

Recommended Tools
Blooover It is a J2ME-based auditing tool. It is intended to serve as an auditing tool to check whether a mobile phone is vulnerable. It can also be used to carry out BlueBug attack Download
RedSnarf One of the best bluesnarfing tool -----
BlueSnarfer It downloads the phone-book of any mobile device vulnerable to Bluesnarfing Download

4) Blue Backdoor Attack :- Here, the bluetooth related vulnerability exploits the pairing mechanism that is used to establish a connection between two bluetooth enabled devices.Not only does it gives the attacker complete access and control over the target but also allows the attacker to place strategic backdoors for continued access and entry.

5) BlueBug Attack :- It was first discovered by Martin Herfurt and allows attackers to gain complete control over the data, voice and messaging channels of vulnerable target mobile phones.

Recommended Tools
BlueBugger Exploits the BlueBug vulnerability Download
Bluediving It is a Bluetooth penetration testing suite. It implements attacks like Bluebug, BlueSnarf, BlueSnarf++, BlueSmack, etc. Download

6) The bluetooth protocol allows devices to use 16 digit long pairing codes. Unfortunately many applications continue to use only 4 digit pairing codes which can be easily brute-forced. This is known as short pairing codes.
Most slave bluetooth devices continue to use default pairing codes such as 0000, 1111, 1234, etc. So, easy to crack and gain access...!

Recommended Tools
BTCrack BTCrack is a Bluetooth Pass phrase (PIN) cracking tool. BTCrack aims to reconstruct the Passkey and the Link key from captured Pairing exchanges Download



-: Other Powerful BlueTooth Hacking Tools :-

Transient Bluetooth Environment Auditor :- T-BEAR is a security-auditing platform for Bluetooth-enabled devices. The platform consists of Bluetooth discovery tools, sniffing tools and various cracking tools. Download
BlueTest :- BlueTest is a Perl script designed to do data extraction from vulnerable Bluetooth-enabled devices. Download
BTAudit :- BTAudit is a set of programs and scripts for auditing Bluetooth-enabled devices. Download
RedFang :- It is a brute force tool that finds even non-discoverable device.
Download
BlueAlert :- A windows based tool that runs on bluetooth enabled computer and alerts the user each time a blurtooth device leaves or enters into its range.
BlueFang :- Similar to BlueAlert.
Bluestumbler :- One of the best BluePrinting tool.

Super Bluetooth Hack :- With this java software you can connect to another mobile and ….

Once connected to a another phone via bluetooth you can-
Read his/her messages
Read his/her contacts
Change profile
Play ringtone even if phone is on silent
Play songs
Restart the phone
Switch off the phone
Restore factory settings
Change ringing volume
Call from his phone it includes all call functions like hold, etc.
Notes:-
1) When connecting devices use a code 0000
2) At start of program on smartphones do not forget to turn on bluetooth before start of the mobile .
Download- Super_Bluetooth_Hack_v1.07.zip (99 KB)


Denial Of Service (DoS) Attacks

-: Denial Of Service (DoS) Attacks :-

A denial of service (DoS) attack is an attack that clogs up so much memory on the target system that it can not serve it's users, or it causes the target system to crash, reboot, or otherwise deny services to legitimate users.There are several different kinds of dos attacks as discussed below:-

1) Ping Of Death :- The ping of death attack sends oversized ICMP datagrams (encapsulated in IP packets) to the victim.The Ping command makes use of the ICMP echo request and echo reply messages and it's commonly used to determine whether the remote host is alive. In a ping of death attack, however, ping causes the remote system to hang, reboot or crash. To do so the attacker uses, the ping command in conjuction with -l argument (used to specify the size of the packet sent) to ping the target system that exceeds the maximum bytes allowed by TCP/IP (65,536).
example:- c:/>ping -l 65540 hostname
Fortunately, nearly all operating systems these days are not vulnerable to the ping of death attack.

2) Teardrop Attack :- Whenever data is sent over the internet, it is broken into fragments at the source system and reassembled at the destination system. For example you need to send 3,000 bytes of data from one system to another. Rather than sending the entire chunk in asingle packet, the data is broken down into smaller packets as given below:
* packet 1 will carry bytes 1-1000.
* packet 2 will carry bytes 1001-2000.
* packet 3 will carry bytes 2001-3000.
In teardrop attack, however, the data packets sent to the target computer contais bytes that overlaps with each other.
(bytes 1-1500) (bytes 1001-2000) (bytes 1500-2500)
When the target system receives such a series of packets, it can not reassemble the data and therefore will crash, hang, or reboot.
Old Linux systems, Windows NT/95 are vulnerable.

3) SYN - Flood Attack :- In SYN flooding attack, several SYN packets are sent to the target host, all with an invalid source IP address. When the target system receives these SYN packets, it tries to respond to each one with a SYN/ACK packet but as all the source IP addresses are invalid the target system goes into wait state for ACK message to receive from source. Eventually, due to large number of connection requests, the target systems' memory is consumed. In order to actually affect the target system, a large number of SYN packets with invalid IP addresses must be sent.

4) Land Attack :- A land attack is similar to SYN attack, the only difference being that instead of including an invalid IP address, the SYN packet include the IP address of the target sysetm itself. As a result an infinite loop is created within the target system, which ultimately hangs and crashes.Windows NT before Service Pack 4 are vulnerable to this attack.

5) Smurf Attack :- There are 3 players in the smurf attack–the attacker,the intermediary (which can also be a victim) and the victim. In most scenarios the attacker spoofs the IP source address as the IP of the intended victim to the intermediary network broadcast address. Every host on the intermediary network replies, flooding the victim and the intermediary network with network traffic.
 Result:- Performance may be degraded such that the victim, the victim and intermediary networks become congested and unusable, i.e. clogging the network and preventing legitimate users from obtaining network services.

6) UDP - Flood Attack :- Two UDP services: echo (which echos back any character received) and chargen (which generates character) were used in the past for network testing and are enabled by default on most systems. These services can be used to launch a DOS by connecting the chargen to echo ports on the same or another machine and generating large amounts of network traffic.
-: Denial Of Service (DoS) Attacks :-

7) Distributed Denial Of Service (DDoS) :- In Distributed DoS attack, there are 100 or more different attackers (systems) attacking the single system. Due to higher number of attackers DDoS attack is more effective and dangerous than regular DoS attack. The attackers have control over master zombies, which, in turn, have control over slave zombies, as shown in figure.


No system connected to the internet is safe from DDoS attacks. All platforms, including Unix and Windows NT, are vulnerable to such attacks. Even Mac OS machines have been used to conduct DDoS attacks.

The most popular DDoS tools are:-

a) Trin00 (WinTrinoo)
b) Tribe Flood Network (TFN) (TFN2k)
c) Shaft
d) Stacheldraht
e) MStream

8) Distributed Denial Of Service with Reflectors (DRDoS) :- In DRDoS attacks the army of the attacker consists of master zombies, slave zombies, and reflectors. The difference in this type of attack is that slave zombies are led by master zombies to send a stream of packets with the victim's IP address as the source IP address to other uninfected machines (known as reflectors), exhorting these machines to connect with the victim. Then the reflectors send the victim a greater volume of traffic, as a reply to its exhortation for the opening of a new connection, because they believe that the victim was the host that asked for it. Therefore, in DRDoS attacks, the attack is mounted by noncompromised machines, which mount the attack without being aware of the action.

a DRDoS attack creates a greater volume of traffic because of its more distributed nature, as shown in the figure below.

Intrusion Detection System

-: Intrusion Detection System (IDS) :-


An intrusion detection system (IDS) is software and/or hardware based system that monitors network traffic and monitors for suspicious activity and alerts the system or network administrator. In some cases the IDS may also respond to anomalous or malicious traffic by taking action such as blocking the user or source IP address from accessing the network.

Typical locations for an intrusion detection system is as shown in the following figure -



Following are the types of intrusion detection systems :-

1) Host-Based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) :- Host-based intrusion detection systems or HIDS are installed as agents on a host. These intrusion detection systems can look into system and application log files to detect any intruder activity.

2) Network-Based Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) :- These IDSs detect attacks by capturing and analyzing network packets. Listening on a network segment or switch, one network-based IDS can monitor the network traffic affecting multiple hosts that are connected to the network segment, thereby protecting those hosts. Network-based IDSs often consist of a set of single-purpose sensors or hosts placed at various points in a network. These units monitor network traffic, performing local analysis of that traffic and reporting attacks to a central management console.

Some important topics comes under intrusion detection are as follows :-

1) Signatures - Signature is the pattern that you look for inside a data packet. A signature is used to detect one or multiple types of attacks. For example, the presence of “scripts/iisadmin” in a packet going to your web server may indicate an intruder activity. Signatures may be present in different parts of a data packet depending upon the nature of the attack.

2) Alerts - Alerts are any sort of user notification of an intruder activity. When an IDS detects an intruder, it has to inform security administrator about this using alerts. Alerts may be in the form of pop-up windows, logging to a console, sending e-mail and so on. Alerts are also stored in log files or databases where they can be viewed later on by security experts.

3) Logs - The log messages are usually saved in file.Log messages can be saved either in text or binary format.

4) False Alarms - False alarms are alerts generated due to an indication that is not an intruder activity. For example, misconfigured internal hosts may sometimes broadcast messages that trigger a rule resulting in generation of a false alert. Some routers, like Linksys home routers, generate lots of UPnP related alerts. To avoid false alarms, you have to modify and tune different default rules. In some cases you may need to disable some of the rules to avoid false alarms.

5) Sensor - The machine on which an intrusion detection system is running is also called the sensor in the literature because it is used to “sense” the network.

Snort :- Snort is a very flexible network intrusion detection system that has a large set of pre-configured rules. Snort also allows you to write your own rule set. There are several mailing lists on the internet where people share new snort rules that can counter the latest attacks.

Snort is a modern security application that can perform the following three functions :

* It can serve as a packet sniffer.
* It can work as a packet logger.
* It can work as a Network-Based Intrusion Detection System (NIDS).

Further details and downloads can be obtained from it's home- http://www.snort.org
-: Honeypots :-

Definition :-
"Honeypot is a trap set to detect, deflect, or in some manner counteract attempts at unauthorized use of information systems."  -Wikipedia

"Honeypot is an information system resource whose value lies in unauthorized or illicit use of that resource."  -Lance Spitzner

Unlike firewalls or Intrusion Detection Systems, honeypots do not solve a specific problem. Instead, they are a highly flexible tool that comes in many shapes and sizes. They can do everything from detecting encrypted attacks in IPv6 networks to capturing the latest in on-line credit card fraud. Its is this flexibility that gives honeypots their true power. It is also this flexibility that can make them challenging to define and understand.

Types of Honeypots :-
Low-Interaction Honeypot:- Low-interaction honeypots have limited interaction, they normally work by emulating services and operating systems. Attacker activity is limited to the level of emulation by the honeypot. These honeypots tend to be easier to deploy and maintain, with minimal risk. Examples of low-interaction honeypots include Specter, Honeyd, and KFSensor.

High-Interaction Honeypot:- High-interaction honeypots are different, they are usually complex solutions as they involve real operating systems and applications. Nothing is emulated, we give attackers the real thing. The advantages with such a solution are two fold. First, you can capture extensive amounts of information. By giving attackers real systems to interact with, you can learn the full extent of their behavior. The second advantage is high-interaction honeypots make no assumptions on how an attacker will behave. Instead, they provide an open environment that captures all activity. However, this also increases the risk of the honeypot as attackers can use these real operating system to attack non-honeypot systems. As result, additional technologies have to be implement that prevent the attacker from harming other non-honeypot systems. However, they can be more complex to deploy and maintain. Examples of high-interaction honeypots include Symantec Decoy Server and Honeynets.

Typical Honeypot Model

Honeypot Softwares :-
Argos by Georgios Portokalidis, Herbert Bos
Back Officer Friendly by NFR Security
Bait N Switch Honeypot by Team Violating
BigEye by Team Violating
FakeAP by Black Alchemy Enterprises
GHH - The "Google Hack" Honeypot by Ryan McGeehan et al
HOACD by Honeynet.BR Project
HoneyBOT by Atomic Software Solutions
Honeyd by Niels Provos
Honeyd Development site by Niels Provos
Honeyd for Windows by Michael A. Davis (port)
Honeynet Security Console for Windows 2000/XP by Activeworx, Inc.
HoneyPerl by Brazilian Honeypot Project (HoneypotBR)
HoneyPoint by MicroSolved, Inc.
Honeywall CD-ROM by The Honeynet Project
HoneyWeb by Kevin Tim
Impost by sickbeatz
Jackpot Mailswerver by Jack Cleaver
KFSensor by Keyfocus
Kojoney by Jose Antonio Coret
LaBrea Tarpit by Tom Liston
NetBait by NetBait Inc.
NetFacade by Verizon
OpenBSD's spamd by OpenBSD Team
ProxyPot by Alan Curry
Sandtrap by Sandstorm Enterprises, Inc.
Single-Honeypot by Luis Wong and Louis Freeze
Smoke Detector by Palisade Systems Inc.
SMTPot.py by Karl A. Krueger
Spamhole by Dr. Uid
Spampot.py by Neale Pikett
Specter by Netsec
SWiSH by Canned Ham
Symantec Decoy Server (formerly ManTrap) by Symantec
Tiny Honeypot (thp) by George Bakos
The Deception Toolkit by Fred Cohen & Associates
User-Mode Linux (UML) by Jeff Dike